1. Refresh valve
   Venting valve
2. Flushometer valve
   Toilet valve

The flushometer valve is the device that controls how much water goes into a receptacle, like your toilet. It is set to allow a specific amount, and no more.

1. Abrams tank
   Septic tank
2. Panzer tank
   Drunk tank

When you aren't connected to a municipal sewer, you have to have someplace to temporarily house your sewage. A septic tank is that device.

1. Roof vane
   Top vent
2. Roof drain
   Ceiling vent

Some plumbing vernacular is simple and straightforward, like this. It's a drain on the roof. Roof drain.

1. A storm vent
   A leader
2. A riser
   A branch

Outside pipes, such as those conveying water from the roof drain, are called leaders.

1. A famous brand of range
   The American Gas Association
2. All Gasses Amalgamated
   Actual Genius Attribution

While there is a range called an Aga, AGA refers to a trade organization in plumbing.

1. Drain stack
   Drain trunk
2. Drain pipe
   Drain tree

When you hear that there is a problem with your home's stack, be afraid. Be very afraid. The drain stack is the backbone of your home's internal sewage system, moving water away from the bathrooms and kitchen. If it breaks down, you had better have a membership at a gym with a good bathroom, because you won't be using the one in your home.

1. A knocking noise in a pipe when the water is turned off rapidly.
   A tool used to cut through cement with water.
2. A term for when the flow of water in a pipe is turned up too high.
   A special hammer for hitting water.

Have you ever heard a mysterious noise coming from your building's pipes? That sound is not called "knocking" but rather "water hammer." In the case of pipes that go to faucets, it's probably just someone turning off the faucet upstairs, but from heating pipes, it could just be the boiler turning off.

1. Ball cock
   Air chambers
2. Air lock
   Elbow bend

Air chambers absorb pressure, eliminating water hammer. To be correctly installed, they should be as close as possible to the valves or faucet and at the end of long runs of pipe.

1. Interceptor
   Air lock
2. Main sewer
   Water Main

An interceptor is a device that separates hazardous substances from regular waste water, allowing the regular waste to be taken away by gravity.

1. A valve leading to the street from the water tank on the roof of the building, for use by the fire department.
   A valve that allows one house to be cut off from the water main.
2. A drain from a house to the storm drain on the street.
   A valve that turns off fire hydrants.

Getting to the water main is a pain, so often a curb stop is added, allowing the utility to turn off the water when you're having work done on a property, or if the bills haven't been paid.

1. A vent that wraps around a chimney.
   A pipe that prevents pressure changes in the waste stacks.
2. A yoke that holds two pipes together.
   A vent attached to an egg's center.

You don't want a pressure problem, especially in your waste pipes. A yoke vent connects upward from a soil or waste stack to a vent stack, preventing pressure changes in the stacks.

1. The tank on the back of a toilet or similar fixture.
   The bathroom.
2. The waste water stack.
   The utility closet from which the plumbing valves can be reached.

"Water closet" usually refers to the entire bathroom, but in plumbing, it refers to the actual tank attached to a plumbing fixture, like a toilet.

1. Negative pressure in the pipe
   Frozen pipes
2. Overheated pipes
   Too much pressure in a pipe

Back siphonage is when water flows the wrong way in waste drainage pipes, upward. It's gross, and awful, and results from negative pressure in the pipe.

1. two
   four
2. three
   six

The two types of air gaps are the kind in the drainage system and the kind in the distribution system. All air gaps are defined by one specific detail -- unobstructed vertical distance through which free atmosphere exists and travels.

1. A chamber
   A bubble
2. A bend
   A machine

Simply put, an air lock is a bubble of air that restricts the flow of water in a pipe. This can be achieved a number of different ways.

1. Kitchens
   Showers
2. Water closets
   Sinks

Wet vents do not accept waste water from water closets, but do accept it from everything else.

1. The pipe that comes up from the storm drain
   The pipe that supplies water to the garden hose
2. The connection from a dwelling to a municipal sewer
   A wastewater pipe from the bathroom

The "soil" in soil pipe refers to the nature of the water within it. Soiled water (from bathrooms, etc.) is discharged through the soil pipe into the municipal sewer.

1. A safety valve
   A warning system
2. An air admittance valve
   A connection from the central stack to the kitchen

A STUDOR vent is a kind of air admittance valve. This type of valve is designed to regulate has pressure in sewage pipes without letting the smell come upward into a dwelling.

1. A safety valve
   A valve attached to a toilet
2. A valve attached to a drain
   A faucet

A "Pressure and Temperature Relief Valve," or "P&T relief valve" for short, is a valve used to regulate the safety of the hot water in a system, keeping the pressure and temperature from breaking the system.

1. A B Trap
   A P Trap
2. A 6 Trap
   A Pi Trap

A P trap is a piece of plumbing you come in contact with all the time. It's the bent pipe under your sink that allows some detritus to fall to the bottom of the trap, which can be opened to release it, rather than let it clog up some other part of the pipe.

1. Plaster
   Pre-stressed concrete
2. Rebar
   All thread rod

All thread rod is something used by many types of builders, but in plumbing it is usually used to suspend piping under a ceiling during construction, later hiding the pipes within the structure.

1. An ejector
   An ejector valve
2. An ejector pump
   An ejector cistern

Ejector pumps come in different sizes. Some are meant for use in homes, but there are some huge ejector pumps, like those used to pump sewage for municipal sewers.

1. PVC composite
   Extra heavy soil pipe
2. Carbon fiber
   Copper

Extra heavy soil pipes were commonly used to convey waste water to the sewer, but only when a large amount needed to be transported. Nowadays they are pretty rare, but sometimes still in use.

1. A dwelling's sewer that is separate from a storm sewer or a combined sewer
   A sewer for non-soiled water
2. It's a sewer that has never been used
   It's a cistern for fresh water

Some dwellings were built with two sewers, one for storm water and another for soiled water. Even stranger, these sewers nearly always combine in the municipal sewer that combines them.

1. Steamer vent
   Wet vent
2. Clean vent
   Dry vent

"Wet vent" is the term for the pipe that receives waste water from sources other than the water closet.

1. A valve that maintains a safe, controlled temperature
   A valve that simultaneously charges the water with static electricity
2. A valve that is itself attached to a heating element
   A valve that does not move

"Thermostatic Mixing Valve" is a fancy term for the faucet on your sink that has two knobs, one for cold and the other for hot, but only one spigot, so the temperature of the water can be controlled. This isn't just convenient, it prevents scalding.

1. Bunky valve
   Wish valve
2. A buoyant valve
   A ballcock

A floating valve or "ballcock" is so named because of a floating ball that, as the water around the valve rises, floats with it, closing the valve. You have one of these on the back of your toilet.

1. three
   one
2. 2.5
   two

When setting up a shower, the ability of the shower to intake and expel water is of primary importance.

1. 150
   112.5
2. 140.2
   75

Like with voltage drop from putting electricity through a long cable, putting anything through a pipe doesn't mean you'll get out what you put in. By having bends or fittings attached to a pipe, it changes the way things flow through it, and thus the effective length of the pipe.

1. five
   six
2. three
   four

A sleeve for a pipe needs some room for "play," meaning when the pipe expands or contracts, but it doesn't need to be huge.

1. Drainage fixture unit
   Fixture branch
2. Drain branch
   Fixture drain

It is important that every piece of plumbing kit has its own name and terminology so any plumber can stride into any situation and get things working.

1. one
   five
2. four
   two

Certain regulations allow plumbing needs to be circumvented through other technology. If the water main, budget, or building construction do not allow for the installation of pipes, then this can be gotten around through things like water vending machines.

1. four
   three
2. five
   four

Some rules around plumbing exist to give leeway to developers, while others exist to allow for things like a men's bathroom and a women's bathroom. This is one such case.

1. .025
   .25
2. .010
   .1

Not all walls require the same amount of protection for pipes, so most of the time, a pipe's sleeve need not be too thick.

1. three
   2.5
2. one
   2.75

To allow waste water to leave a fitting, like a shower, pipes need to be at least a certain size, and the strainer to keep waste from clogging up those pipes must be at least a certain size.